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Located German island of Ruegen in the far north on the coast of East Sea which is close to Sweden, however, despite the proximity of the fridge Swedish island was from the warmer parts of Germany and richly deserve the title of "the island of sunny," the sun shines an average rate of 1920 hours per year, the largest rate in Germany, the undisputed
- And seeking tranquility, nature and beauty and breeze finds its way onto the island, which is the largest center of attraction for tourism and Alttabb in Germany, not surprising to find Alklaepr birds, endangered a safe haven by the United Nations reports. Island orchids, which is spreading more than 470 type and color to its shores in the park at the Palace of Emperor Jraniz, a natural area protected by UNESCO
Located German island of Ruegen in the far north on the coast of East Sea which is close to Sweden, however, despite the proximity of the fridge Swedish island was from the warmer parts of Germany and richly deserve the title of "the island of sunny," the sun shines an average rate of 1920 hours per year, the largest rate in Germany, the undisputed
- And seeking tranquility, nature and beauty and breeze finds its way onto the island, which is the largest center of attraction for tourism and Alttabb in Germany, not surprising to find Alklaepr birds, endangered a safe haven by the United Nations reports. Island orchids, which is spreading more than 470 type and color to its shores in the park at the Palace of Emperor Jraniz, a natural area protected by UNESCO
- And the island Aevsal German territory only by a strip of water receded sometimes to one kilometer, but the island, similar to Bndfp snow, enjoy a long hot coasts of 580 km, and quiet and clean. An area of approximately 960 square kilometers, is Bergen and Zaznets Botbos and Benz Selleh and Blabh and Ogorn of the most beautiful cities, and each city its own characteristics, Fbotbos city is white, Viov is the city a breeze, and Selleh village of fishermen, the island Hiddenssi is the tape, they narrowed in some locations to 130 meters just
The most famous cities of Malaysia and the so-called garden city, characterized as one of the city's most Malaysian sophisticated and beautiful Wiczdan parks, rivers and mountains in addition to the annexation of several historic buildings, cultural, and skyscrapers, and a popular tourist attraction by the twin towers of Petronas, Petronas, and located in central business district of the city, This is the highest towers in the world at the height of each tower of 452 m distributed among 88 floors, and links between the two towers a suspension bridge, between floors 41-42, the construction of this building great architect, "Sezer, Billy," and this region includes a number of gardens, fountains and shopping centers, restaurants and movie theaters, an art exhibition and cultural rights. There is also a "Tower Kuala Lumpur", which is one of the highest towers in the world with an elevation of 421 m, and includes top restaurants moving and shops selling souvenirs, also includes a theater to be taken by performances on the ground floor in addition to the many monuments and other tourist sites that absorb Kuala Lumpur such as the Bird Garden which is one of the largest parks in Southeast Asia, where includes the majority of bird species in the world, and other park is a wonderful park lake "Kuala Lumpur", which includes an artificial lagoon and beautifully landscaped, and various species of plants and flowers, and Kuala Lumpur has also the National Museum, and many of the markets and the Chinese city This is in addition to the factory that is manufacturing the royal souvenirs from pure silver, and gold palace horses, and many other monuments and places in this city vibrant. Comes the City of owners after the City of Kuala Lumpur, from where the importance of tourism, a city of ancient history dating back to the fifteenth century AD and is one of the most historical cities in Malaysia, because it combines a large number of civilizations, is found by many historical monuments and archaeological and frequented by many tourists in addition to the beaches sandy beaches, which is one of the most famous beach of "Tanjung Beidara" which packed with visitors, in addition to the museum for cultural, Sound and Light in the field of "Padang Pahlawan, and Fort Qamuza, and the castle the Netherlands, and a number of ancient mosques, such as a mosque Hulu Mosque Trutkwerp, and many other archaeological sites wonderful and there are many beautiful cities other, which includes modern features next to the ancient monuments of these cities, we find the city of George Town is a magnet for many tourists, the city of Shah, the world capital of Selangor, which is famous mosque of Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, the blue-domed, the largest dome in the world, and city has many parks and lakes. There is also a region Jnting away from the capital Kuala Lumpur, about a half hour drive away, this picturesque region enjoys tourists get together because of extremely high from the surface of the Earth is about 6 thousand feet, find the tourist himself walking amid clouds, It is possible to board the cable car to reach the hotels and casinos
Feature Wadi Hadramout Republic of Yemen, where he became the valley and its people, archaeological and heritage landmark see him every visitor or researcher deeply civilization throughout history ..
Wadi Hadhramaut or (Ahqaf Valley), and sufficient Balohakav foot note of its historical roots and periods of residence which extends to ancient First Nations Kkom returned Thamood and other nations of the former static before them and generations after them, and continue to undertake residence to this day
Wadi Hadhramaut (or Valley Ahqaaf), and sufficient Balohakav note foot historical roots and periods of residence ancient extends to the First Nations Kkom returned Thamood and other former nations static before them and after them, and still the generations undertake residence to this day, and since the time immemorial started buildings resound , and was also the emergence of architecture mud in this valley history away, it reflects the correlation of human Yemeni general and Hadrami particularly its own environment and mud, is also rooted cultural and artistic construction of the old and traditional, the process of construction can only be a few steps consistent and coherent painted building for those working behind it, since it is construction (the teacher) by choosing the mud appropriate locations of the different clay itself as multiple types are not all valid for the building, are brought and collected in the form of mounds and hurt them with water and mix material (Althbl), the legacy of plant wheat farming, which is the key provider to the cohesion of the mud, including mix into the mud in the case of other physical (plastic) easy to set up any form bringeth large numbers of milk and called (trainer) and leave in the sun for several days to dry for use later in the construction of houses and homes with high classes.
Upon completion of construction is often clothe the walls of the inside surfaces and white material called the (lime) are made of limestone, and sometimes a few clothed House full of home and abroad to this article, but the lime used within the home are not those used abroad, where first is marked by an increase of sparkle and shine and softness is called the name (Novus), and importance of clothing to protect the walls from the rain and liquid water affecting them and show the house in a beautiful image of a unique, as it is carved ceilings Bnakecat exquisite beauty.
About the forms of some houses hadhrami see as shortcomings in the design brilliant, and located precisely in the city of Tarim, did not appear until after the migration of people to other countries as East Asia and Europe, Vaguetbs migrants such forms and excelled in the construction and set up professionally very high, not unlike their origin only where the manufacture of mud and clothe her article limestone and white to highlight the decoration manual work nicely without the use of engineering machinery or templates for plastic art, and concrete construction in the valley did not appear until centuries later time in bad, before moving to other cities of the valley, but that the construction mud is still the dominant.
Did not choose the people of Wadi Hadhramaut Architecture mud as a symbol of the building in their part land only to the features of this architecture of the properties and characteristics qualify them to be building the best in the valley, Valtoqlm direct those buildings between the atmosphere of the valley (hot dry) of the major reasons which compelled parents choose this type of buildings, reduce the temperature of the occupants during the summer, and has the kind of warmth in the winter days, and regaining resistance to crises world, and the factors of time to reach the age of one to several hundreds of years despite rises high, as is the case in the city of Shibam
That the famous French tower made of iron block designed by architect Gustave Eiffel 1889 and is the world's tallest building until 1930 when the building surpassed "Chrysler" in New York. After it had completed the construction of the tower for the world of celebrity is not sufficient at the time, but now it is the first symbol in Paris and one of the most important tourist destinations in Europe.
Although it is clear that the tower a tourist, but it has met with considerable criticism, especially by a group of artists in Paris who called it "nothing more than a lamp tragedy of the road." However, these criticisms have been in vain after the silent these views critical of the tower as a result of demand by tourists is surprisingly in 1889, where a record number of visitors to the tower is a large number was two million visitors during this year alone.
Who love nature, and describes the tower as affecting the flights of birds that fly in the atmosphere of Paris.
The site "Desccaffr France" website that Rousseau and Ootrelau and Chagall, and Delaunay a big fan of the Eiffel tower. In 1909 the tower was dismantled almost entirely to the end of the lease for 20 years, but that the antenna thereto, which was used in the transmission wire at the time was the main reason to retain it.
In spite of the difficulties faced by the establishment of the tower since the beginning, but now receive well received locally from all the French, and is regarded as the first symbol that reflects Paris.
And will remain the "Eiffel Tower" in Paris, always and never a miracle in construction and design are worth a visit and watch. No tourists to visit Paris without being seen and enter this strange edifice.
Months and Istanbul city of Turkey, is characterized by a unique feature rarely found in other cities are embracing the continents of Asia and Europe. And the most beautiful scenery and moderate climate are important tourist Mecca of the World Tourism and Arabic, and contribute the largest share of tourism income of Turkey.
Istanbul is the capital of the Byzantine Empire and Ottoman Empire and was known by Constantinople in the Byzantine era and is located on the Bosphorus, which connects the Sea of Marmara, the Black Sea and mixes the city between the beauty of architecture of the civilizations of Islam and Christianity, has been a bastion of the Islamic caliphate in the era of the Ottoman Empire as they kept on being the seat of the Patriarchate Roman Orthodox and also has a community of Jews and synagogues of their own, making it a symbol of the coexistence of religions and civilizations.
It contains Istanbul on many mosques, churches, palaces, museums and the old markets, the most famous mosque Aloiasofip mosques of Sultan Ahmet (Blue), Sulaymaniyah, is characterized by the Museum of Altoubacabi who was the presidential palace during the reign of the Ottoman Empire Pthv rare priceless months of the museum so-called trusts holy, which includes some clothes of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him, and hairs from his beard and swords from beat its swords, and his bow, and the swords of some of the noble Companions, such as Omar, Abu Bakr, the first copy of the Koran Sharif and disobeyed Moses and the Sword of David, and as Abraham peace be upon him how great of jewels and effects of value collectibles and sultans.
Ayub mausoleum and a mosque (Abu Ayyub al-Ansari)
Was built during the reign of Fatih Sultan Mehmet and after opening the city of Constantinople and after careful consideration mediated data and historical documents to find the grave of the Companion who was killed in the first war launched by Muslims in order to open the city, and includes a mosque, the tomb of the Companion Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, was named the neighborhood where it is the mosque neighborhood Ayoub rate this great companion.
Taksim Square and the independence of the Street
If Istanbul is at the heart of the Turkish state division is the heart of Istanbul, is the city center and easy to navigate it to any place where, and there are many hotels on the various kinds of luxury five-star even hotel regular, and open up to this arena Street Independence, which is packed with people throughout the night and day, and this is the street market and a cultural center at the same time, as along the street can find cafes, as well as shops, and all the cafe is characterized by a different capacity from which bears the touch of France and of him who has the characteristics of the cafe Turkish traditional and provided the water pipe (shisha), It is possible accidental tourists from all over the world in this street, in the side alleys of the street there is a lot of nightclubs on the different kinds.
Church mosque Oiasofip
Oiasofip The mosque which is located close to the Topkapi Museum is one of the finest architectural masterpieces to this day Vqubth large diameter of 30 meters still maintains its top position in the list of the largest domes in the world, Hagia Sophia church was built during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian in the fifth century AD was converted into a mosque in the fifteenth century, specifically in the May 29, 1453 when it opened in Constantinople in the reign of Sultan Mehmed II was converted church Hagia Sophia into a mosque and raise the ears in the afternoon of the same day it was opened Constantinople The Sultan Mehmet the prayer which was subsequently added Almiazn to the building The main was converted into a museum in the thirties of the last century, and still an important tourist destination in the city of Istanbul.
Blue Mosque
Blue Mosque built in the near Aloiasofia in the reign of Sultan Ahmed I is one of the finest architectural monuments built by the Ottomans in Istanbul, the color of porcelain blue, which adorns the walls of the mosque was called the cause of the Blue Mosque, and representative of the six pillars of faith was built six Miazn on the outskirts of the mosque.
Süleymaniye Mosque
Of the finest mosques of the Islamic Eternal was built during the reign of Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent was buried Sultan Selim I brought in the garden cutting marble used in the construction of Yemen and the Arabian Peninsula and the region of Marmara and contains contains four Miazn one of the most important mosques in the Ottoman Istanbul.
Bosphorus
Divides the Strait Istanbul in two European, Asian and is expressed with the importance of life to the Black Sea, where it connects them to the rest of the world, linking the Black Sea of Marmara, and the advantage of this strait the beauty of engaging, unique of its kind, was built many of the palaces and luxury homes, including the Palace of Dolma Bacha famous cafes and restaurants on the banks and major bridges linking the two continents reflect over the Bosphorus Bridge and the two Mehmed Bridge and the Bosphorus.
Covered Market
The largest markets in the world thatched contains more than 4000 commercially assignee of different sizes, one of the oldest markets in the world and still the most important tourist attractions in Istanbul meant tourists from all over the world. And the market is packed with products from the traditional Turkish carpets, jewelry, glass, copper Kalobariv, lamps, dishes, carved and carved and decorated porcelain plates forms of Islamic and predominantly blue, as well as leather goods shops and gold and silver. Despite the similarity of this market Bbzar Khan El Khalili famous in the heart of Old Cairo but it is unique feature unmatched which is that this market appears labyrinthine Once you enter it you find yourself lost in the paths, roads and streets of a complex, branching and are all open to each other and surrounded by shops from all directions and not knowing You can not just where to turn then only be released to unleash your feet lead you to fall unconscious eye.
Can be a tourist to enjoy shopping and tour is unique in this market and deals with a cup of tea or a cup of Turkish coffee in their own backyard in one of the cafes in the market.
A night of night of belly dancing and folklore mystic
And Istanbul, the city does not sleep and tourists can find the fun for the day or night and in addition to seeing the monuments, mosques, churches and museums, palaces historic souks tourist can shop in markets and malls of modern can also going to restaurants, cafes and parks scattered in different places in the city and some restaurants, landscaped The panoramic feature of the city and can do a cruise and lunch or dinner on board a ship in the cruise on the Bosphorus can also enjoy an evening Oriental in a nightclub and watch the dancing folk Turkish in addition to belly dancing, which is known by Turkey and kept a lot of tourists and foreigners it as a ingredients that reflect the cultural face of the east to Turkey and is often associated in their minds the legacy of a thousand and one nights, as well as mystic folklore.
Almihanat Turks and tastier foods
Would not miss visiting tasting cuisine Turkish distinctive, better known Baheic kebab, fish and seafood, pasta and desserts of Turkish and especially the comfort of the throat and the visitor can be dealt with in popular restaurants called Almihanat the harbor, only It suffices to follow the sense of smell led to the odors of appetite emitted from the feast on vegetables cooked such as eggplant, beans, liver Albanian dishes rich in spices, meatballs Balkan and Eastern mezze and grills and desserts, Kurdish and Circassian walnut Caucasian dishes and fish the Aegean and Marmara Seas.
Found in Kamaran an area called "mind" was filled with trees, and there where several water wells, covering the island with water, and features Bjoha natural and green beautiful and the fact that the water was going where the form of "Cultivable," and the British to work on the order of channels and fountains and has become a place for picnicking and recreation when the inhabitants of the island. As for the reason for this name, because he got the story of Cool tells the story of the island "that one day he was a resident of the island looking for his son, which was delayed from returning home to Morocco, as well as a population, too, went looking for his daughter, who was delayed at the same time, As they were going to discuss about their children, they met an old man as he was returning from that place, they asked him about their two sons, the individual they: are in the "Paris", and that time called the "Paris", when it's combination of beauty and romance.
But unfortunately, Paris is Kamran after the departure of the British neglected, there is no longer interested in them, I said where trees and vegetation, but the water continued, he drank on the people of the island until he came to dam construction project on the island, and did not find an appropriate place from the Paris region, Kamran, and costing an nearly 180 million riyals, but unfortunately there was not the engineer who planned appropriately, Vtm dam in place and there are wells and streams of water that the island was depending on them for drinking, and having completed construction of the dam, unfortunately, came up a failure, since it does not save a drop of water, and one which, according to an example: "claimed Iekhalha Amaha", and today accommodation for livestock.
Accommodation for the ghost
Displacement process will continue day after day because of the tragic situation faced by the island.
Hotel manager Mohammad Kamran Zubairy indicates that the issue of displacement has a long time and partially due to the lack of basic services to the life and stability in the island. He adds that the number of inhabitants of the island was under British about 15 thousand people, but after the departure of the British retreated to about 2000 people, only.
Airport Kamran
Kamran Island was under British colonial rule, and was also due to the rule of South Yemen, the work of the British building of an airport on the island to be used during World War II.
As the planes were taking off from Kamran to Britain and to Jeddah and all the neighboring countries, as "Djibouti, Cairo and Asmara, and others, and vice versa, as well as a station transit for aircraft refueling, etc., but following the expulsion of the British colonial neglected even destroyed and ends - as the chairman of the Committee Social Affairs Skulai acceptable.
He added: "As you can see it now, left it, whether the building as a symbol indicating the remains of the airport.
Iraqi shrine
It was said that one of the imams of Iraqis came to the island and building a mosque therein, and the people are educated on the hand, flock to him students from all around the city in order to learn, and this was Sheikh Iolm each year on the anniversary of the birth of the Prophet, and meet students and parents from all surrounding areas, and lived tonight on the occasion of the birth of the prophet, and continued period of time, and when he died Cyproh people in the mosque, and now they have every year on the anniversary of the birth of the Prophet gathered the owners of the island, also comes some visitors from areas Majarp in Hodeidah, and slaughtering cattle and live it that night, recalled the morning This custom still continues today.
King Farouk, Kamran
As characterized by Kamaran strategic location of tourist beautiful and quiet and natural preserves the trees and animals attracted to the day of King Farouk, who had visited to see all regions, have been working on the rehabilitation and restoration of the Great Mosque City Kamran, who is still in place and praising to the present.
It also represented the station in the life of Queen Elizabeth when he was under British colonial rule, as well as being the most beautiful islands which is distinguished in all its facets of tourism in terms of calm and beauty of its water and the beauty of coral reefs that are pleasing viewers and protectorates nature "Kalshory the North" which is located in the north of the island with an area of about 30 square kilometers, into the sea and contains trees "mangrove" which has a length of about 30 meters, and the presence of beautiful birds and different Kalnurs, ducks, birds and others, as well as protected Shura South, which was considered a natural reserve for the animals, especially deer, in which there were about 23 772 deer, and to by it excels in security, tranquility and fresh air, fresh air away from environmental contaminants in various forms so I decided to Princess to spend a month Azlea in this beautiful island, as it has made the island a place of pilgrimage per year in vacation summer events - as the owners of the island - where there was a building on the sea, and therefore a fence, the fence was in the form of three open from the sea, so that is surrounded by water from three sides.
Absence of investment
There is a single investor on the island, as Mohammed Zubairy, hotel manager, "Kamran", we asked him about the reason for the absence of investment, he pointed out that he is serving its twelfth year since opening the hotel.
He said that despite facing all this time a very large problems, including: lack of coordination among the relevant actors in dealing with licenses granted to him.
He continued: If the country needs to boost investment or support of investors, it must have the infrastructure and coordination among stakeholders in order not to introduce investors in trouble with the visitors and tourists, "My problem is I am a single investor, and investors fled whenever he came." When I asked him why he said: "Let the bodies concerned to answer that."
Asked why the lack of tourists visiting the island said: a slump in tourism in recent years, and I said visitors due to lack of coordination involved, if they did not coordinate and will collapse resulting tourism and investment in a year.
Great Bridge
Is a sheet of wood made old-fashioned way, a length of five meters, and width of three meters. The bridge tender his adopted almost a million rials; to fix, but unfortunately has been done in the manner prescribed that do not cost fifty thousand riyals only. Chairman of the Social Affairs Committee, says he has been a study to create a mini-port of the island, and the cost is about 700 thousand riyals, the project was not implemented. Contractor will take the bridge tender and paid to the Office of the engineering work for the study, and established a bridge the way, we have outlined previously.
Markets Pearl
Kamaran of the most important Yemeni islands, and the largest is located in the Red Sea, an area of approximately 220 square kilometers, there are three villages, namely: Kamran (city center), and the village of Makram, and the village of Yemen. And was considered Kamaran islands important for maritime traffic in the past, and was the first entry of Yemen, both of commercial vessels or for the pilgrims that used to go to Saudi Arabia. As is the way of vessels invading the island of Kamran first leg of the reign of the Ethiopian, and then successively attention, and until the late sixties, the island was considered quarantine only in the region for all the ships of the pilgrims that go to Saudi Arabia, as well as being the first place for marketing the Pearl in the Middle East , where marketers pearls come from the Gulf states; to Isoqgua their wares on the island, Add to that the historical significance of the island that no one can be ignored from a strategic point; because it controls the most important waterways, is the largest island in terms of population.
Island "Qumran"
On the morning of the second day of our visit to the island, we went on board the boat to a protected Shura North, before we got to the reserve about a quarter of an hour we saw in the midst of the sea a straight line of water is different from the color of the color of seawater, so I asked the driver of the boat for what we saw and said: "This place is the reason for naming the island as the "Qumran."
Described to me the place, "if you stood in the middle of the night you see the moon from both sides, ie, if left to the right see the moon midst of the sea, and if left to the left see the moon as well, and for this reason named the island as" the island of Qumran, "but after that the solution British on the island were Intqunha "Kamran", instead of "Qumran" became known as "Kamran" since then.
Environmental disaster
Threaten the marine waters of Yemen environmental disaster in the extinction of marine life, mainly fisheries.
Mohammed Zubairy confirms that the fishermen on the island, they began to be adversely affected by the source of their livelihood; because of large fishing boats that come from neighboring countries such as Egypt, for example, come in and washing away everything in its path from the fish.
The Zubairy the Egyptians are the first entrance to the fishing companies arrogant and reckless in the hunt all the fish big and small, and asserts that there are hands in the country to cooperate with these companies, and help them to destroy the marine environment, and in several cases that came to the courts, but marginalized by the judiciary.
The Ahmed Bakiri, Veshkoa low control marine and allow companies to Egyptian fishing action bombs into the sea, some of which are the cliff-like Bmahrtp farms that sweep everything and everybody, this has the shelf to the extinction of some fish and disappear completely so that the fisherman, a Yemeni who hunt the traditional way he gets Day 150 to 200 kg, they now only receive 15 to 20 kilometers, or interest is to become fishermen Egyptians and influential Yemenis.
Education
Island schools suffer from the lack of a teacher of physics and biology, and in this regard, said Othman, who said earlier that education is moving in the island a good degree, however, there are disadvantages, such as students from dropping out because of difficult living conditions. He noted that the literacy rate in the island up to about 70 percent, and most of the teachers of the children of the island, there are also a private elementary school for girls only (from first grade to sixth grade), a teacher, "Hope."
It emphasizes "that the island faces the problem of availability of some scientific disciplines, such as physics, biology, and therefore the lack of teachers, nor do we have any training institutes, whether professional or other, but after high school, who wants to continue to go to other provinces, and we are working to assist the work of the Note to cooperate with him in any university. "
Sana'a is located between two mountains, as well as the great mountain "we do" from the Middle and Mount "disadvantages" of the West and rising from the sea at about 7544 feet .. And it is very cold in the winter mild summer and is surrounded by S. War is a great foundation in the sixth century AH and has ten chapters had disappeared a day with only one door, which is called Bab al-Yemen, and so named because incidence south of the city have been renovated this section several times to the remaining part of the fence 'in which there are the highest mountain in the Arabian Peninsula is Mount Prophet Shuaib, which towers 3766 meters above sea level ... One of the cities Sabean repeatedly mentioned in the inscriptions as one of the important sites of the Queen of Sheba in the pre-birth 'and where conflicting information about the history of the establishment of Sanaa's Old City, for the first time' but most of the news sources and historical accounts confirm that the history of this city back to pre-date 'as the first city built after the flood' and who built it is Sam son of Noah, peace be upon him 'therefore called City (Sam)' For the inscriptions Sabean, the earliest mention of a city (Sanaa) in these inscriptions dating back to the (doomed is bin crap il water Ihnam) King Sheba, Dhi Raydan who lived in the first century AD The inscription and the city (people), which today is h j of the city and it is the northern gate of Old Sana'a called (the door of people).
Also carried Old Sanaa after the name of the city (still) in relation to one of the kings (SABA) 'which is Azal Ben lived bin aromas bin Amer bin Shalikh grandson of Sam son of Noah who was named as well as in the language of Yemen old and mean power and strength and it is derived, as some sources say Name of the King السبئي (Iozl between) who lived in the third century AD has been received Name (Azal) in the Torah also 'Then came the name (Sana) then considered synonymous with the name (still) and derives its name Sanaa making sense of a fortress and (Prevention) which is in line in meaning with (still).
As it is said, called the "Sanaa" for the quality of workmanship and a reputation for some of the manufacturers s copper, silver, and the other 'In another account that Sana was taken from the word "manufactured", which appeared in four inscriptions from the group patterns combined with the King "to explain Ihsb" There are those who say that Sana'a is the language of Some tribes Khawlan as stated in the "Dictionary of countries" and in 525 AD conquered by the Ethiopians found it built of stone fortress and they said this "manufacture" means the bunker became known as "Sana" 'as they are known for thousands of years copper industry and alloys different embroidery industry-Janabi "daggers."
According to researcher and investigator Yemeni Dr. Yousef Mohammad, Abdullah said the name of Sana in the inscriptions is (dropped out / Snao) and dropped out of the language of the people of Yemen is the old city .. He pointed out that Sana said after the inscription of the reign of King السبئي Dhamar Ali about a year (90 AD) and Another inscription from the reigns of two kings (o back pride, then quickly passed Tdm Ihhamd) and the reign of King (gave no possession) and from each of these families Spiip different and ruled Yemen in the period (100-120 AD) .. and thus the opinion of Dr. Yusuf Mohammed Abdullah, it is possible to say that the city of Sana'a have known by this name in the birth of Christ, peace be upon him, probably not.
There are those who tell that (Sanaa) is the language of some tribes (Khawlan), as stated in the book (dictionary countries) and Khawlan of the most famous tribes of Yemen and currently living in areas south and southeast of the capital of Yemen.
Historians say that Sana'a through phases many historical pre-Islam which the occupying Ethiopian Yemen At that period the Sana most important phase of a provision that "Abraha", which as the capital and built a church "Kulais" and adorned with marble and mosaics, and wanted to transfer the Kaaba bright to Sanaa Hajj to the Arabs.
The "is the administration," the last king of the State Himyarite been taken by the capital of his kingdom in the early sixth century AD, and also make the Ethiopians who invaded Yemen and ruled from 525 AD to 575 AD.
As indicated in the sources of information have been Sana of the invasion about 20 times between 901-913 AD He spoke of many historians, the first from Sanaa and tell Vzla "Abu Ali ibn dozen" d. 300 AH in his book Aloalaq psychological, "he said .. is the city of Yemen, not Yemen, in Pthamp not the greatest city in the Hijaz, including no more Welcome to the good nor supervised originally best food in them.
Authenticity and nobility:
Sanaa and the day consisted of two parts ancient and modern, they are often interrelated and are connected to each other .. The fact that some neighborhoods containing houses of old and new at once and in particular those living in the center of the city and what can be said that the buildings and houses have been established through decades of this century have served to separate the various districts of Old Sana'a from each other .. Still, much of the Old Sana'a full of heritage and its people and character of the old .. Which is the eastern and south-east of the historic city of Surat, which is still the other stands today has seen this part of the restoration and maintenance of several periods, either other parts of the remaining buildings and homes became scattered in a number of areas in the center of Sanaa, which is a combination of ancient and modern ..
Overall, Sana still retains its authenticity and originality, heritage and art Architectural Excellence known as engineered islands Alhaddaiekaya for thousands of years and which reflect the splendor and beauty of those palaces and homes harmonious architecture, colors, and adjacent or proximate to one another, built of stone and sculpture soft Alior and decorated with inscriptions and drawings and decorative variety in the walls and windows and contracts "white moon" that are installed above each window and made of white plaster and decorated pieces of small colored glass forms very beautiful addition to Kabbat mosques and minarets of high white and from the decorations and inscriptions and deployed large number within the city and also orchards, grapes, Alvrsk and pomegranates, and other .. It all makes of Old Sana'a paintings and a unique museum packed with tourists and visitors from other cities and different countries of the world .. Also made it a fascinating unsung poets throughout the ages, ancient and modern, which took perpetuating hair and organize praise and spinning City Beauty Sana'a and charms did not overlook the most writings and poems that have been made in Sanaa said population and temperament and Hmailhm men and women.
Says Abu Hassan al-Hamdani who died in 340 AH "is not attached to Bhassana Sana woman of the world and attached to Crathn Zervhn woman and therein, jealousy and their form and Dalal and pen"
The traveler Ibn Battuta described the Sana when he visited her, saying: (is a country of Yemen the first large city in good architecture built of bricks and plaster 'many trees and fruits and crops,' moderate air, good water) .. He also adds: and the city of Sana'a furnished with stones if it rains wash all alleys and Oanagaha and inclusive Sanaa one of the best mosques.
And Sana Ahmed Qalqashandi d. 821 AH: (is one of the great cities of Yemen and by the markets and shops, and many have sub-Damascus' to the large number of water and trees, 'and is chair kings of Yemen in the old and said she was house king Altbabap' and Ammaradtha related and not in the country of Yemen Older including architecture and wider than the diameter of the great hill known as Tel (Ghamdan) was exclusively kings bring him down .. and description of this palace in his book (Rewish Almttar) said: It is one of the seven houses that were built on the name of the seven planets.
The Abu Ali slid d. 300 AH was may occur from Sanaa in his book (precious Aloalaq) said: is the city of Yemen, not Yemen, and Hijaz Pthamp not the greatest city of them no more Welcome to the good 'and supervised at all and no more food to them.
Either the Lebanese writer Amin Rihani deceased in 1940, he wrote, "The kings of the Arabs" from Sanaa that he visited in April (April) 1922 any Sanaa represented to us the world I would Malika time Mtheltk our myths I was a woman of mankind and the jinn and like us, knowing I would one day goddess of gratitude. To have said, and this natural beauty and Bhawk Arab poets, what lies in your closet psychological books and manuscripts, science and what is a lie this Knuzk thy palaces and the magic and the magic of the names you .. What lied legends .. Also had thought the names invented by poets for brides and the jinn and imagination, but in the real in the top spot.
The city of palaces:
I knew the old city of Sanaa, inadequate because their homes consists of a set Altqasim floors, in addition to the beautiful, which was followed in the construction process.
Sanaa has four types of buildings and neighborhoods are
• Study of the Arab was common before Islam.
• Islamic style, which was popular after the advent of Islam and the most prominent features of mosques and minarets.
• Study the Ottoman
• Study the Jewish
The Sana'a is divided into three sections in terms of the geographical composition and are separated by a barrier or wall, and each section of a special character and pattern variable.
The eastern section of the city, the bulk comprises the old neighborhoods, mosques and markets characterized by buildings, decoration and luxury multi-storey central section and a collection of gardens and palaces of princes and the imam and the footnote, which houses some of the character of the Ottoman wooden windows.
The third section includes the city of the Jews was that separates between them and the middle section of the city wall of dirt has closed their doors at sunset and opens only with the dawn .. As is the case for the rest of the city gates.
The Yemenite Jews in the city of Sana'a, form a class better than the rest of the classes of the people in terms of standard of living and they were going about their business, religion and enjoy the protection for the imam to pay tribute to the house of money .. The homes built on a pattern different from other types common in the city as no more than two storeys high .. The external walls coated with mud, which quickly breaks down and thus looks the homes were beautiful as they are at home and that a Jewish scheme to imply bad situation and poverty does not even know what the other inside of the funds for the Itmawa.
And then in 1948 when he left the Jews of Sanaa, and home to someone else they sold their homes and shops to inhabitants of the city that did not keep on its old and they demolish the buildings which were milk, brown and turned it built of stone and baked bricks did not go only a short time until he had almost nature of Jewish construction disappears from the city of Sana'a to become the character of the Arab-Islamic city and the rest of the outstanding character of the Ottoman period.
The "Al-Razi," who died in 460 AH that Sana'a architecture completed in the era of Islam.
And expanded Sana'a under the State Alhmdanip century atheist century AD all during the reign of the Ayyubid state in the Ottoman Empire first, and then in the seventeenth century and eighteenth One of the greatest and the most famous landmark city of Sana'a in the Islamic era of the Great Mosque, which is said to be companion Maaz Bin Jabal is the one who put him cornerstone of the year 270 AH and King Mohammed bin dust Bateson and reconstruction after the floods destroyed in 265 AH and was extended by Abbasid era in the year 136 AH.
Historical landmarks:
In addition to the above, there are many monuments of historical landmark famous old city of Sanaa, whether Islamic landmarks or those belonging to the periods of pre-Islamic period and even before the date .. where is the (Great Mosque) of the leading Islamic landmarks in the city is the oldest mosques in Yemen, the most notorious as well as personnel mosque built by Maaz bin Jabal in Taiz .. still the Great Mosque of Sana'a, towering so far, and frequented every day, thousands of worshipers from the city and other corridors, experiencing episodes of religious lessons which are organized on a daily basis.
According to several historians to Companion (Weber Ben Ihns Khuzai Ansari) is the one who built the Great Mosque of Sana'a in the sixth year of the migration order of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him .. I was building this mosque on the same architectural style of the city .. It is said that it had been enlarged in the Abbasid era, specifically the year 136 AH, 'and then in 262 Hijri saw Sana a great flood, a torrent second in Islam' parked that devastated the city, destroyed six thousand houses and destroying the time of the Great Mosque stood Prince Mohammad Bin dust re-built and expanded in the year 265 AH on the the case that it is today, however, saw the restoration of subsequent ceilings, and belts writings under the roofs, for example, the belt written the names of imams existing wall kiss the queen salahite Lady Bint Ahmad has his work .. There are three domes Vanossip located in front of the mihrab of the mosque said to be back to the third century AH.
There is a version to indicate that in the back of the mosque of the gardens of Paradise, In the book Al-Razi "The History of Sana'a," said: I found a line of Ali bin Hassan bin Abdul Waris told me Alsri said: "We talked Ibrahim ibn Yazeed from slaves Alanaami," said Mohamed bin Daud bin Qais states do not bin divided said to him: O Aba Abdullah, David told me that the placement of this cylinder at the example of Imam Alsouh "edifice" in the Strand following the methods from the mosque Sana'a Alsouh of the gardens of Paradise.
Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Abd al-Warith, Abu Mohammed said Alsri Oraneha Alanaami The Aronaha Abu Mohammed and told me Alsri: some of them say "may peace be in this place several of companions of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him and peace."
The story goes that "who is observing in a mosque in Sanaa in the back as if he i'tikaaf in the fourth kingdom of heaven, and prayed two rak ahs played in mercy to the Day of Resurrection known amended his fifty prayer, then compounded by God so as not to use tell the angels to the Day of Resurrection 0". Therefore, we find a lot of scientists Sana Iatkovn in the Great Mosque until the present day.
The historian, "Razi" in his book "The History of Sana'a" It's in a mosque in Sana'a, the tomb of the Prophet said to him, "Hanadzlah" and that the tomb is located in the western interior of the back of the mosque.
And the Great Mosque of Sana'a Old vast library of books, mothers in the doctrine and religion, old manuscripts and precious books and the original line, the most famous manuscript of the Koran written Caliph may Allah be pleased with him.
What remains of the Great Mosque library list to this day as one of the treasures held by the Islamic Yemen, which is an important part of the heritage and Islamic thought.
Palace Ghamdan
A Palace "Ghamdan" which is the most famous palaces in the history of Arabs and there are different stories in the recipe, and who built some say who built the Palace "Ghamdan" Suleiman expresses bin Qahtan 'said Ibn Hisham said, which was built was to express bin Qahtan and completed after that Wael Ben donkeys bin Saba Bin My Roy A. N. founder Azal bin Qahtan ordered his brother expresses 'and some say that Sam son of Noah, who built' and others refer to King Solomon the son of David peace be upon him is the jinn building three palaces of the queen (biblical) that ruled Yemen in the mid-tenth century BC, the Palace and the Palace Ghamdan Slhin Palace Benon.
However, some novels suggest that Sam is the son of Noah who built this palace 'where it says those accounts that Sam son of Noah thought to live in the land of the north. Turned to coming up out of the south, frequenting the best of the country, until he became the first region, and found Yemen Tayyip house, and pioneered Yemen found field Sana Otaibha, breaking Maqranp (a thin thread, which is estimated by the construction if the D-placement basis) in the hand area of Sana'a, now called the ( Glen Attan) when you mount (disadvantages) built the corner, which is placed by the 'base when he climbed the corner, God sent the birds kidnapped Almaqranp and flew and walked followed for the consideration of where to drop it, go flying into the pockets of bliss (enclaves would rise from the ground and without plateau) from the foot of Mount ( let) fell out, and when he approached him, he flew out and put it on free Ghamdan (free dialect of Yemen is the land included in the highlands) when stabilized Almaqranp Ghamdan a free, informed Sam that he had ordered the construction there, sued Ghamdan Palace, and the drilling focus.
On this side, "says historian months Yemen Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani in his famous book (corona) 'The Palace is the first Ghamdan failure Yemen, and the most impressed by a male celebrity, who founded Ghamdan and began to drill its well-built and is Sam son of Noah.
The Alusi a famous rooms in Ghamdan call (niches), the Court building and what the narrators in the short-Ghamdan the kings of Yemen if they sat in the top of this Abannia n lit candles at night and the view of people from the march of three days.
It was said that the Palace Ghamdan was composed of twenty floors each floor, a height of 20 "arm 'and the room in top floor was dedicated to the King and was in the four corners of four black brass Yellow issuance out of the room if the wind blew as at the beginning visited as a roaring lion .. and another report says Palace Ghamdan the square .. and his staff built of colored marble and consists of seven floors .. the height of each floor, including "50 cubits 'But Hamdani The palace was composed of twenty floors and reach the height of each floor to ten arms' and the room was the last floor board of the King In the four corners black.
And some researchers to suggest that the construction mentioned by Allah Almighty said: (still the foundation of suspicion and shakiness in their hearts) .. 'Is the Palace Ghamdan and that when this verse was revealed sent the Prophet Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and peace' scalp Ben Msik Almoradi of ruined it, and when he wanted to destroy did not appreciate it until it burned him, and did not destroy, but after the death of the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.
However, none of the commentators did not explain this verse to this effect 'where he says (Al-Tabari) that the construction is intended mosque hypocrites Zamakhshari agree with this interpretation.
It was narrated from Omar Bin Al Khattab may Allah be pleased with him said: (not compatible with the Arabs as long as the Ghamdanha) 'In the book Noueiri (end Alorb) that this view urged Othman bin Affan on the demolition of the palace, "said Sapphire Hamwi: (allegedly Khane Yemen, it destroys Ghamdan killed, but explained that killed Osman peace be upon him).
In 618 a large palace built his place Ghamdan Palace which was demolished and built by King Badr al-Din Hassan bin Ali See This palace still stands today in Old Sana'a is called the Palace of arms', where he had witnessed the restoration operations in different periods.
The Abu Muhammad al-Yazidi d. 202 AH said in one of his poems for Sana:
Is not paradise high / above the sky Vghamdan Ihavea.
But not over the face of the earth have created / the same is near or Issalleha.
Commercial station:
, Sanaa, which brings together many researchers, historians and Orientalists as one of the oldest cities in the Arab and the most famous and the place 'was the most important commercial station and famous market for the Arabs for many centuries before and after Islam' as it was said that it was the point of every trader and the world ', therefore, common for the ancient Arabs saying:
(To be Sana'a and long travel ** * The bow of all promises and Onakr).
Remember, some of the material that Sana was a 49-market of various commercial goods and types of crafts and there are many of these markets remains to this day sartorial old historical 'as there were organizations responsible for regulating these markets and the distribution of merchandise, raw materials for craft industries in addition to aspects of relating to prices and the performance of the zakat funds and tax .. and these organizations, which took as well as adjudication of disputes between traders' had an organization called Alia (Board of Trade).
In addition, also was Sana station on the trade route across the plateau of Yemen, a road which replaced by (gum) in the eastern regions of Yemen, who was known since prehistoric date, the road from (Dhofar), the capital of the Kingdom (donkeys) old to (Taif) 'Some believe that the path of the owners (the elephant) and starts (Aden) through (Sana'a) to (Mecca), himself a caravan route that was preparing markets Arabs seasonal before Islam, and there was a market (Sana'a) to be held in half of the month of Ramadan each year in what was known as seasons markets of the Arabs that was starting in (Jandal) between Syria and the Hijaz on the first day of the first month of spring, and market (Alamishqr) abandon Hofuf now and then market (Sohar, Duba) and market (Ahr skilled) on the coast of the Arabian Sea, in addition to market (Aden) and market (Okaz), which is considered one of the greatest markets of the Arabs in past ages.
Consequently, the economic and social infrastructure and extension of a rich history to Sanaa, branding, cultural heritage and a broad and cultural heritage human great and wonderful ', including the architecture unique ambience for the rest of the cities in the world of things, which increased the prestige and importance of this city.
According to statistics available, the neighborhoods that is still a list of Old Sana'a currently has fourteen thousand houses, all highly populated 'while little (Razi) who died in 460 of the migration before the 965 years that the number of houses of this city was during the reign of Caliph Harun al-Rashid, about 120 thousand houses The population was 280 thousand people.
The famous Sanaa houses since ancient Bartvaatha high through multiple decks up in many of them to eight-storey 'and it has remained the city retains its authenticity and originality and their historical identity, heritage and art architectural character distinct and Tarazach wonderful beauty and magnificent and all his money from the elements and colors of a unique and attractive.
Life in the old city of Sana'a is quite different from anywhere else .. In addition to what is unique about this city architecture with the unique nature of Excellence at the level of cities in the world in all its forms engineering magnificent, which reflect the extent of human ingenuity Yemeni since antiquity in architecture, the daily activity within neighborhoods and streets "Sana" old and markets the historic represented in the movement and activity Workshops daily non-stop, this activity in nature is the other and has its own privacy, particularly with regard to the field of handicrafts, and traditional crafts traditional long-ago historical stages.
Masterpieces of creativity:
In as much, which still houses and buildings, the city retains its architectural character inherent sartorial engineering unique lifespan of a thousand years, to the extent that you find many craft and professional work in the markets is also still exist and live, not die due to factors of time and change of times and transformations of different 'and some of these traditional crafts, which has maintained its historical and remained active to this day 'No doubt it has many components and factors of continuity and resilience to future stages of history' from the perspective of what these products and handicrafts from a link traditional life and human personality of Yemen.
In Old Sana'a mixed arts heritage of the historical and cultural formations offer magnificent architectural structures and artifacts wonderful facial alleys and narrow streets of cobblestone mil color and shops vendors and industrial artisans and vendors deployed amid small squares and street corners as well as landscape movement of people and meted in the markets of this city, and other aspects of life daily, this would constitute a panel of great beauty make you live a reality heritage, culturally and intellectually original, inhale the fragrance of history and delve into the depths of Doakhlh and cruising your imagination in Rehab human civilization ancient manifested Roaiaha through these palaces, towers and through Alsmasser and markets in the old city are the city that inspired poets and writers, writers and researchers Arabs and foreigners across the various stages of history, which is found in dozens of books and literature of ancient and modern, who speaks for all of Sanaa.
Perhaps it is worth pointing out here is that there is a consensus by the owners of those works that the old city of Sana'a is a living history museum, 'and was one of the Orientalists, the Europeans have visited the city after curfew in several cities in the world .. Then wrote in his memoirs that for the first time - any date - walking in Sana'a, Yemen.
And talk about Sana long that has no end, and standing before what was known and what remains of industries and handicrafts, traditional, we find that there are more things embodied the spirit of originality and the essence of creativity and arts heritage and over the aesthetics and Masterpieces Qabas historical Tertsm with image and conscience alive not Hall Heritage Bvenh and culture and all its meanings.
Sana markets:
Markets that reflect the beauty of traditional artisan creativity, a market of "silver." Activity in this market is in two parts: one representing the process of buying and selling jewelry and other antiques jewelry, tools, silver, on the other side there is the process of Altchina and recycling of different types of jewelry and silver jewelry. Though this type of activity confined to the limited scope and a certain number of craftsmen.
Perhaps the "Opal" Yamani is one of the most famous handicrafts market-based "silver." And onyx also emphasizes the sources and stories of old, one of the best kinds of Garnet and there is reason for his fame to an interview he tells about the Prophet Muhammad "Y" that he said "Takhtmwa agate Yamani, it is first to secure the God in monotheism and witnessed Mohamed message" and a lot of visitors to the silver market Sana'a ancient Yemenis and expatriates from Arab and Islamic countries are keen on decorating Joatmanm grains onyx, which are said to be types which saves the bearer of magic and envy, and other types against the bites of snakes and scorpions, and other pious and help to heal many ailments.
And the finest types of Yemeni agate and attracting a large so-called agate, "the Roman" and "flourishing" and is characterized by two different types Ballowanhma spotless.
Being extracted and onyx stones from the mountains in certain areas of Yemen. And the process industry Garnet require a lot of effort, is undergoing several stages starting from extracting the "lobes" from among the large stones carved out of mountains, which are transported to market silver Sana'a and specialists Petkserha and carved until you reach lobe garnet, and then begin the process of making and the formation of lobe in four stages is the sculpture by four large circular stones, each stone of which a certain degree of roughness to be directed lobe garnet in its final form .. In that multiple forms of beauty is decorated rings and some kinds of jewelry, silver jewelry and gold.
In addition to onyx There is also a "coral" and "convenience" and "anguish" yellow, red and other precious stones that fall within the industries silver Sana'a old, and silver is decorated daggers Yemeni known as "Paljnbep" belts and swords, and others.
There is a market of "al-Janabi and Alasub" and "pleural" or dagger of Yemen, a sharp tool fixed to handle special and sidearms in Yemen several types, some cheap and some are average price, and some are expensive, there are kinds of Janabi up prices to rates fictional estimated tens of thousands of dollars .. This type of al-Janabi, has some special specifications known only to people with experience, and are usually machine made acute a special kind of .. Of iron or "Hinduan" and taking possession of the helmets from centuries of rare animals like deer and rhino.
There is no doubt that the process of pleural industry requires expertise and special skill. This process is passed through several stages until the final form of pleural out, and there are tools and materials used by the owners of this profession .. Because the pleural is essentially a personal weapons (white) and pet-friendly people, a Yemeni who considered complementary to the character and appearance, there is a so-called "Balasib" which is part of the wooden placed inside pleural or what might be called Baghamd usually made of light wood such as wood, "Plum "or" Anbrod ", is his sculpture, processing and packaging" Skin "and strings" Bamboo "and comes after the" belt "that proves Alasib (Ghamda) sidearms in the middle. With this belt, a man can wear sidearms installed the bottom of the stomach where the belt is wrapped at the waist ..
And industry "Alasub" and "Packages" of Paljnabe are other has its own distinctive arts, and is embroidered belts by "threads". The embroidery is a good that is manually and is usually done by women .. In nature and embroidery takes several colors and graphics consistent and beautiful.
It must be pointed out that it was usual to use gold and silver to decorate the handle as well as pleural sheath and belt .. Process industry Janabi and found in most Yemeni cities, but the old city of Sana'a has a reputation, especially in this aspect, considering that such a craft in his city, these dimensions of cultural heritage and history.
There is a market of "copper", which includes many different industries, copper, which still retains much of the nature heritage "San'aani" brilliant .. As well as household utensils and tools, there is also industry "Madaia" and "vases" and "censor" and "antiques" and other handmade copper products including in respect of forms and decoration reflect the engagement of the owners of these letter links to creativity and heritage.
It is a market of "copper" to "market Mahdadp" and "market Almnjarp" In these markets Otiqin are manufacture of agricultural tools "old - new" used widely in many areas of Yemen and chiefly in the mountainous regions where people still tilling the land by donkeys, cows and plows users the tools that are processed locally, as is the case in the market, "Mahdadp" Old Sana'a, which is also the industry hoes, axes and crowbars, knives and other tools made of iron ..
The market "Almnjarp" is subject to be doors and shutters in the old way .. and that was imported wood used in the industry had been dominated largely on timber taken from the trunks of trees, local, the unique character of the makers of windows and doors still maintains that much of the heritage Even the shutters and all the hooks used in the manufacture or enter doors and windows of the iron is of the type of hand-made in the market, "Mahdadp" next to "market Almnjarp."
Despite the harshness of the work and onerous in these two markets is used Craftsmen styles primitive in the ways and smelting and cutting steel industry such tools and different products, and the major effort undertaken in spite of the inconvenience caused by the process of the iron and wood trade but that the accuracy of the work and wonderful creativity and a working heritage and historical attachment to these professions, makes it is easy, and prevents vote emitted by road blocks or iron cutting logs into pieces of music enjoyed by the visitor, standing either shop "mourning" or "carpenter" in Old Sana'a.
Yes .. This is Sana .. Al-Hassan, Beauty and the kiss of history and the source of the culture and heritage .. Sanaa, which remained throughout the ages saint in the hearts of poets who have been perpetuating hair and organize poems love and rhymes that hailing Sana'a and the remnants of the values of beauty and originality that is reflected through its unique elements of heritage and architectural aesthetics of art Boutrazath and colors, which are the exquisite paintings reflected today in the coolest and most vivid images to look with a luscious Sana Khassana crash cordon outside the shame and silence, declared itself the capital of Arab culture.
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